Digital technologies have altered the reproduction, circulation and commercial exploitation of copyright-protected works, complicating the relationship between exclusive rights and legitimate public access. This article examines whether Indian copyright law adequately addresses digital infringement, particularly unauthorised dissemination, intermediary responsibility, website blocking and generative artificial intelligence, using doctrinal and selective comparative methods to analyse the Copyright Act, 1957, the Information Technology Act, 2000, judicial decisions and American and European approaches. It argues that the principal difficulty is not the absence of applicable rights but uncertainty about their allocation, enforcement and limits in technologically mediated environments. It distinguishes direct infringement from intermediary liability, remedial assistance from substantive responsibility, and training-related reproduction from infringing outputs. Judicial innovation has strengthened remedies against organised piracy, but expansive injunctions and automated enforcement require procedural safeguards. The article proposes targeted clarification of computational research, specific and contestable takedown procedures, proportionate blocking orders and accessible licensing. Sustainable digital copyright governance should protect creative labour without treating technological capability or public accessibility as presumptions of either infringement or unrestricted permission.
